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Units and abbreviations

AE - alkaline electrolysis

CCUS - carbon capture, utilization, and storage

CHP - combined heat and power

EJ - exajoule

FCEV - fuel cell electric vehicle

GWh - gigawatt-hour

HHV - higher heating value

kWel - kilowatt electric

kWh - kilowatt-hour

LOHC - Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier

MMBtu - million British thermal units (1 MMBtu = 26.4 m3 natural gas at 11 kWh/m³)

MPa - megapascal

MWel - megawatt electric

MWh - megawatt-hour

PEM - Proton Exchange Membrane

SOE - Solid Oxide Electrolysis

YSZ - yttria-stabilized zirconia